July 20 historical events
792 — Battle of Marcellae
The Battle of Marcellae (Bulgarian: Битката при Маркели; Greek: Μάχη των Μαρκελλών) was fought on the 20 July 792 between the forces of the Byzantine Empire, led by Constantine VI, and those of the First Bulgarian Empire under Kardam. The Byzantines were routed and forced to retreat to Constantinople. Fighting took place at Marcellae (Markeli), near the modern town of Karnobat in southeastern Bulgaria, the same site as an earlier battle in 756.
Bulgaria · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1644 — Battle of Gunnislake New Bridge
The Battle of Gunnislake New Bridge took place on 20 July 1644 on and around Gunnislake New Bridge, a bridge over the River Tamar between Cornwall and Devon, during the First English Civil War.
Cornwall, United Kingdom · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1651 — Battle of Inverkeithing
The Battle of Inverkeithing was a battle of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. It was fought on 20 July 1651 between an English Parliamentarian army under John Lambert and a Scottish Covenanter army acting on behalf of Charles II, led by Sir John Brown of Fordell. Lambert's force was a seaborne expedition landed at Fife to get around the main Scottish position at Stirling. The battle resulted in a decisive English victory that gave Oliver Cromwell's forces control of the Firth of Forth and outflanked the defensive position of the main Scottish Army under David Leslie.
Inverkeithing, United Kingdom · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1657 — Battle of Czarny Ostrów
The Battle of Czarny Ostrów took place on July 20, 1657, during the period in Polish history known as the Deluge. Polish Crown army commanded by Hetmans Stefan Czarniecki, Jerzy Lubomirski and Stanisław Potocki, supported by Crimean Tatars, defeated a Transilvanian-Cossack-Moldavian-Wallachian army of George II Rakoczi. In early 1657, following the Treaty of Radnot, southern Poland was invaded by Transilvanian army of George II Rakoczi. Since main Polish forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth were engaged in fighting the Swedish Empire, only a division of Stanisław Potocki was sent southwards. Meanwhile, Rakoczi’s army headed towards Kraków, and its march was marked by widespread looting and destruction.
Chornyi Ostriv, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1705 — Great Oulu fire of 1705
The great Oulu fire of 1705 was a conflagration that destroyed the parts of the city of Oulu, Finland. It consists of two fires in total, the first of which occurred on 20 July 1705, and the second on 28 August of the same year. A total of 144 houses and 121 granaries from the third and fourth districts of the city burned down in the fires.
Finland · Disasters · Checked 2026-09-23
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1864 — Battle of Peachtree Creek
The Battle of Peachtree Creek was fought in Georgia on July 20, 1864, as part of the Atlanta Campaign in the American Civil War. It was the first major attack by Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood since taking command of the Confederate Army of Tennessee. The attack was against Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's Union army which was perched on the doorstep of Atlanta. The main armies in the conflict were the Union Army of the Cumberland, commanded by Maj. Gen. George Henry Thomas, and two corps of the Confederate Army of Tennessee, commanded by Lt. Gen. John B. Hood.
Fulton County, Georgia, United States · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1864 — Battle of Rutherford's Farm
The Battle of Rutherford's Farm, also known as Carter's Farm and Stephenson's Depot, was a small engagement between Confederate forces under Maj. Gen. Stephen D. Ramseur and Union forces under Brig. Gen. William W. Averell on July 20, 1864, in Frederick County, Virginia, during the American Civil War, as part of Confederate Lt. Gen. Jubal Early's Valley Campaign, resulting in a Union victory.
Frederick County, Virginia, United States · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1920 — First Battle of Grodno (1920)
The First Battle of Grodno took place between July 19 and July 20, 1920, during the Polish-Soviet War. In the effect of a three-day-long struggle for the control of the city of Grodno (modern Hrodna, Belarus), the town was captured by Russian forces, despite repeated counter-attacks by Polish infantry, tanks and armoured trains.
Grodno, Belarus · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1936 — Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits
The Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits is a 1936 agreement that gives Turkey control over the Bosporus Straits and the Dardanelles and regulates the transit of naval warships. The Convention gives Turkey full control over the Straits and guarantees the free passage of civilian vessels in peacetime. It restricts the passage of naval ships not belonging to Black Sea states. The terms of the convention have been the source of controversy over the years, most notably concerning the Soviet Union's military access to the Mediterranean Sea. Signed on 20 July 1936 at the Montreux Palace in Switzerland, it permitted Turkey to remilitarise the Straits.
Switzerland · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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1939 — Hythe by-election, 1939
The Hythe by-election, 1939 was a parliamentary by-election held on 20 July 1939 for the British House of Commons constituency of Hythe.
United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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1943 — Battle of Bairoko
The Battle of Bairoko was a battle between American and Imperial Japanese Army and Navy forces on 20 July 1943 during the New Georgia Campaign in the Solomon Islands during the Pacific War. In the battle, U.S. Marine Raiders—supported by two U.S. Army infantry battalions—attacked a Japanese garrison guarding the port of Bairoko on the Dragons Peninsula on New Georgia. The day-long assault on well-prepared Japanese defensive positions by the Americans was unsuccessful. After calling-off the assault, the Americans withdrew to nearby Enogai. The American forces remained in the Enogai area until the end of the New Georgia Campaign.
Solomon Islands · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1944 — Operation Goodwood
Operation Goodwood was a British offensive in the Second World War, that took place between 18 and 20 July 1944 as part of the battle for Caen in Normandy, France. Goodwood was preceded by preliminary attacks dubbed the Second Battle of the Odon. The offensive began when the British VIII Corps, with three armoured divisions, attacked to seize the German-held Bourguébus Ridge and the area between Bretteville-sur-Laize and Vimont and to inflict as much attrition on the German defenders as possible.
Normandy, France · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1948 — South Korean presidential election, 1948
Presidential elections were held in South Korea for the first time on 20 July 1948, following the Constitutional Assembly elections earlier that year. The elections were indirect, with the president elected by the Assembly. Syngman Rhee was elected with 180 votes out of 196, and was to oversee the transfer of power from the United States Army Military Government in Korea. An important role was played in the run-up to the election by the dispute between Rhee and Kim Koo over the issue of holding separate elections in the South.
South Korea · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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1969 — Apollo 11 lands on the Moon
The Apollo 11 lunar module Eagle landed in the Moon's Sea of Tranquility with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin aboard. Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command module Columbia. The landing fulfilled the mission's central objective and was followed several hours later by humanity's first steps on the lunar surface. Armstrong and Aldrin collected samples, deployed experiments, and returned safely to the command module. The mission was a landmark in space exploration and the culmination of years of engineering and training. The lunar landing occurred on July 20 in UTC; Armstrong's first step occurred on July 21 in UTC.
Landing: July 20 UTC. First step: July 21 UTC. The place filter identifies Mission Control, not the Moon.
Mission Control, Houston, Texas · Science & discovery · Checked 2026-09-23
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1974 — Turkish invasion of Cyprus
The Turkish invasion of Cyprus was a Turkish military invasion of the island country of Cyprus. It was launched on 20 July 1974, following the Cypriot coup d'état on 15 July 1974. The coup had been ordered by the military Junta in Greece and staged by the Cypriot National Guard in conjunction with EOKA-B. It deposed the Cypriot president Archbishop Makarios III and installed pro-Enosis Nikos Sampson. The aim of the coup was the annexation of the island by Greece and the Hellenic Republic of Cyprus was declared. In July 1974, Turkish forces invaded and captured 3% of the island before a ceasefire was declared.
Cyprus · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1981 — Somali Airlines Flight 40
On 20 July 1981, Somali Airlines Flight 40, a Fokker F27-600 Friendship operating a daily scheduled domestic passenger flight from Mogadishu International Airport to Hargeisa Airport, Somalia, crashed near the town of Balad a few minutes after takeoff killing all 44 passengers and 6 crew members on board. With 50 fatalities, it remains the deadliest aviation accident in Somalia.
Somalia · Disasters · Checked 2026-09-23
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1982 — Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings
The Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings were carried out on 20 July 1982 in London, England. Members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) detonated two improvised explosive devices during British military ceremonies in Hyde Park and Regent's Park, both in central London. The explosions killed eleven military personnel: four soldiers of the Blues and Royals at Hyde Park, and seven bandsmen of the Royal Green Jackets at Regent's Park.
England, United Kingdom · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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1997 — Vietnamese legislative election, 1997
Parliamentary elections were held in Vietnam on 20 July 1997. The Vietnamese Fatherland Front was the only party to contest the election, although independent candidates were also allowed to run. The VFF won 447 of the 450 seats, with voter turnout was reported to be 99.6%.
Vietnam · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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1997 — 1997 Indian Federation Cup final
The 1997 Indian Federation Cup final was the 20th final of the Indian Federation Cup, the top knock-out competition in India, and was contested between Kolkata giant East Bengal and Salgaocar of Goa on 20 July 1997 at the Salt Lake Stadium in Kolkata. Salgaocar won the final 2–1 courtesy of a Golden goal by Bruno Coutinho in the extra-time to claim their third Federation Cup title.
India · Sport · Checked 2026-09-23
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1998 — 1998 President of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic election
Election of the President of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic was held on 20 July 1998 after legislative election. Candidate of Civic Democratic Party Václav Klaus was elected the President. He was also supported by Czech Social Democratic Party as a result of Opposition Agreement.
Czechia · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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2004 — North Carolina's 1st congressional district special election, 2004
The 2004 United States House of Representatives special election in North Carolina's 1st congressional district was held on July 20, 2004 to select the successor to Frank Ballance (D) who resigned due to health concerns and ongoing investigations which would ultimately culminate in criminal convictions on charges of committing money laundering and mail fraud. Each party held a nominating convention to choose their nominee for the special election. Democrats nominated Superior Court Judge and former State Supreme Court Associate Justice G. K. Butterfield, while Republicans chose security consultant Greg Dority. Butterfield overwhelmingly won the election to fill out the rest of Ballance's unexpired term.
North Carolina, United States · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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2005 — K-1 World MAX 2005 Championship final
K-1 World MAX 2005 Championship Final was a kickboxing event promoted by the K-1 organization. It was the fourth K-1 World MAX final for middleweight kickboxers (70 kg/152 lb weight class), involving eight finalists and two reserve fighters, with all bouts fought under K-1 rules. All eight of the finalists had won elimination fights at the K-1 World MAX 2005 World Tournament Open, while the reserve fighters were invited despite suffering defeats. As well as tournament matches there were also three super fights fought under K-1 rules (70 kg/152 lb weight class). In total there were sixteen fighters at the event, representing nine countries. The tournament winner was shoot boxing standout Andy Souwer who defeated reigning champion and tournament favorite Buakaw Por. Pramuk by split decision in a grueling final that went into two extension rounds. Souwer was helped in his route to the final by the fact that local hero (and one of the favorites) Masato was injured in his quarter final match and replaced by the much less renowned Yasuhiro Kazuya, who had suffered a cut in his reserve match win, something Souwer took full advantage of, winning by technical knockout. In the super fights the most notable result saw legendary Muay Thai champion Ramon Dekkers outclass former K-1 USA winner Duane Ludwig, winning via a wide unanimous decision. The event was held in Yokohama, Japan at the Yokohama Arena on Wednesday, July 20, 2005.
Yokohama, Japan · Sport · Checked 2026-09-23
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2008 — The Great American Bash (2008)
The Great American Bash (2008) was the fifth annual Great American Bash professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was presented by AT&T and took place on July 20, 2008, at the Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Uniondale, New York and featured talent from the Raw, SmackDown, and ECW brands. The main match on the SmackDown brand was between Triple H and Edge for the WWE Championship. Triple H won the match and retained the WWE Championship after pinning Edge following a Pedigree.
Uniondale, New York, United States · Arts & culture · Checked 2026-09-23
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2012 — 2012 Aurora theater shooting
On July 20, 2012, a mass shooting occurred inside a Mershops Town Center Century 16 movie theater in Aurora, Colorado, United States, during a midnight screening of the film The Dark Knight Rises. 24-year-old James Eagan Holmes set off tear gas grenades and shot into the audience with multiple firearms. Twelve people were killed and 70 others were injured, 58 of them due to gunfire.
Colorado, United States · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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2013 — Kuomintang chairmanship election, 2013
The Kuomintang chairmanship election of 2013 (Chinese: 2013年中國國民黨主席補選) was held on 20 July 2013 in Taiwan with Ma Ying-jeou as the sole candidate. This was the fourth direct election of the chairman in the Kuomintang history. All registered, due-paying KMT party members were eligible to vote.
Taiwan · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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2013 — 2013 Colombian clashes
On July 20, 2013, two clashes occurred in Colombia between government forces and Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) guerrillas. Nineteen soldiers were killed in the deadliest day since peace talks began in November 2012. The conflict came one day after a FARC-EP officer Alejandra had detained with a chain around the neck a vacationing U.S.
Colombia · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23
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2013 — 2013 A-League All Stars Game
The 2013 A-League All Stars Game was a football match that took place on 20 July 2013 at ANZ Stadium in Sydney, contested between the A-League All Stars and English Premier League champions Manchester United.
Sydney, Australia · Sport · Checked 2026-09-23
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2014 — 2014 Belgian Super Cup
The 2014 Belgian Super Cup is a football match that was played on 20 July 2014, between 2013–14 Belgian Pro League winners Anderlecht and 2013–14 Belgian Cup winners Lokeren, won by Anderlecht, winning their twelfth super cup. Anderlecht had played in eighteen previous editions of the Belgian Super Cup, winning in 1985, 1987, 1993, 1995, 2000, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2012 and their most recent appearance in 2013. Lokeren had played in a Belgian Super Cup once before, two years previous in 2012, also facing Anderlecht and losing 3-2.
Belgium · Sport · Checked 2026-09-23
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2014 — Battleground (2014)
The 2014 Battleground was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) and livestreaming event produced by WWE. It was the second annual Battleground and took place on July 20, 2014, at the Tampa Bay Times Forum in Tampa, Florida. The inaugural 2013 event was held in October as Battleground was originally intended to be an annual October event before it was moved up to July for 2014.
Florida, United States · Arts & culture · Checked 2026-09-24
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2016 — Super J-Cup (2016)
Super J-Cup: 6th Stage was the sixth Super J-Cup professional wrestling single-elimination tournament produced by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). It was a two-night event, taking place on July 20, 2016 and August 21, 2016. The first round held on July 20 took place at the Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan, while the next three rounds took place on August 21 at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan.
Tokyo, Japan · Arts & culture · Checked 2026-09-23
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2019 — UFC on ESPN: dos Anjos vs. Edwards
UFC on ESPN: dos Anjos vs. Edwards (also known as UFC on ESPN 4) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on July 20, 2019, at the AT&T Center in San Antonio, Texas.
Texas, United States · Sport · Checked 2026-09-23
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2022 — 2022 Sri Lankan presidential election
Indirect presidential elections were held in Sri Lanka on 20 July 2022, following the resignation of president Gotabaya Rajapaksa on 14 July. The president of Sri Lanka was elected by the Parliament in a secret ballot to decide who would complete the remainder of Gotabaya Rajapaksa's term. Candidates were nominated in the Parliament on 19 July in advance of the election the following day.
Sri Lanka · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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2023 — 2023 Uxbridge and South Ruislip by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Uxbridge and South Ruislip was held on 20 July 2023, following the resignation of former Prime Minister Boris Johnson as its member of Parliament (MP) on 12 June. The Conservative Party's candidate, Steve Tuckwell, narrowly held the seat with a reduced majority of 495 votes.
United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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2023 — 2023 Selby and Ainsty by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Selby and Ainsty was held on 20 July 2023, following resignation of incumbent Conservative Party member of Parliament (MP) Nigel Adams. Keir Mather of the Labour Party won the seat, setting a record for the largest majority ever overturned by the party in a by-election at the time.
United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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2023 — 2023 Somerton and Frome by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Somerton and Frome was held on 20 July 2023, following the resignation of the incumbent Conservative Party MP David Warburton on 17 June. The seat was won by Sarah Dyke of the Liberal Democrats. It was the first by-election in Somerset since the 1970 Bridgwater by-election, and was held on the same day as the 2023 Selby and Ainsty by-election and 2023 Uxbridge and South Ruislip by-election.
United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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2024 — 2024 Tauranga mayoral election
The 2024 Tauranga mayoral election was held to elect the mayor of Tauranga as part of the 2024 Tauranga local elections. The election took place between 29 June and 20 July 2024, with the official results released on 25 July. It was the first election since the Minister of Local Government appointed a Crown Commission on 9 February 2021 to oversee all of Tauranga City Council's governance responsibilities.
New Zealand · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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2024 — UFC on ESPN: Lemos vs. Jandiroba
UFC on ESPN: Lemos vs. Jandiroba (also known as UFC on ESPN 60 and UFC Vegas 94) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on July 20, 2024, at the UFC Apex facility, in Enterprise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, United States.
Nevada, United States · Sport · Checked 2026-09-24
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2025 — 2025 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final
The 2025 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played at Croke Park in Dublin on 20 July 2025 between Cork and Tipperary, the culmination of the 2025 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. It was the 138th final of that sport's primary competition, the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship. Cork were strong favourites and led by six points at half time.
Dublin, Ireland · Sport · Checked 2026-09-23
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2025 — 2025 Japanese House of Councillors election
Elections to the House of Councillors of Japan were held on 20 July 2025, with 124 of the 248 members of the upper house of the National Diet to be elected for a term of six years. The election took place about 10 months into the premiership of Shigeru Ishiba, who governed Japan as Prime Minister after he won the leadership of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) in September 2024.
Japan · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23
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